Installing in Graphics Mode

The graphics mode consists of installation directives in a series of graphical screens where you click representative icons and buttons to set the directives.

Welcome Screen

The Welcome Screen is the first screen to appear after the system completes the boot process.

Figure 4-1 Welcome Screen


The partial image shows the Welcome Screen with options for languages and locales. The left pane lists languages while the right pane lists locales. At the bottom of the left pane is a language search box.

On this screen, select the preferred language to be used during the installation process. You can further select a specific locale, if any, for the selected language. Then click Continue to proceed.

Installation Summary

The Installation Summary screen appears after you have selected the installation language. It functions as the home or main screen.

Figure 4-2 Installation Summary


The image shows the Installation Summary screen and available options. The options are arranged as a menu and are represented by icons with text descriptions. The menu is divided into three columns with headings: Localization on the left column, with options for Keyboard, Language Support, and Date & Time; Software in the center column, with options for Installation Source and Software Selection; and System on the right column, with options for Installation Destination, Kdump, Network & Hostname, and Security Policy.

The screen provides four categories of options: LOCALIZATION, SOFTWARE, SYSTEM, and USER SETTINGS. Clicking an option under any of these categories opens other screens to configure the selected option.

The options under each category usually have default values. You can skip opening any of the options screens to use the default values. However, as a minimum, you must visit the options flagged with a warning icon.

After defining directives in a specific screen, click Done to return to the Installation Summary screen. Then you can configure other options. As you visit each configuration screen, pay attention to any warning messages that are displayed at the bottom of the screen.

You can continue to change installation configuration options until the installation begins. The installation doesn't begin until you click Begin Installation at the bottom of the screen. In turn, the Begin Installation button remains disabled until all the configuration warning flags have been cleared.

Note:

At the top right of the screen is the Keyboard switch. This switch appears in all the option screens to enable you to change to a different available keyboard layout at any time during configuration. See Keyboard Layout for more details about keyboard layouts.

Localization

Under Localization, you configure the following options:

After configuring any of these options, click Done to return to the Installation Summary screen.

Keyboard Layout

Figure 4-3 Keyboard Layout


The partial image shows the options on the Keyboard Layout screen. The left pane is an area that contains the default keyboard layout, English (US). Control buttons at the bottom of the pane enable you to add and remove keyboard layouts as well as rearrange their order on the list. To the right of the pane is a text box for testing the keyboard layouts. Below this text box is an Options button for configuring layout switching.

On the left pane, you can add other keyboard layouts to the preselected default layout. You can also revise the order of the listed layouts. The layout at the top of the list becomes the default layout.

Language Support

Configuring language support consists of specifying other locales of the selected language that you want the system to support. This option is similar to the configuration of the keyboard layout at the beginning of the installation.

Figure 4-4 Language Support


The partial image shows the available options on the Language Support screen, which contains a list of available languages on the left; and on the right, a list of the locales for the language currently selected.

From the list of languages on the left pane, select other languages for the system. Then, on the right pane, select from the available locales for that language.

Date and Time

The Date & Time screen enables you to set the following options:

  • Time zone for the system
  • Actual time and the format for displaying time
  • Current date

Figure 4-5 Date & Time


The image shows the Date & Time screen, which at the top contains two drop-down lists for selecting a region and city, an On/Off switch for enabling NTP, and a Settings button. Below these items is a world map divided by time zone. Below the map are time and date editors for setting time, selecting time display format, and setting the date.

To select the system's time zone, click an area on the map that approximates the site that you want the system to be located. Or, you can select from the Region and City drop down lists to specify that location.

To specify time, time format, and date, click the appropriate buttons at the bottom of the screen.

To enable NTP, switch the Network Time switch at the upper right corner of the screen to ON. Click Settings to display a dialog box, where you can configure the NTP servers that the system would use. You can skip configuring NTP until later by using the Chrony suite. See Oracle Linux 8: Setting Up Networking. See also Configure Chrony on Oracle Linux.

Software

Under Software, you configure the following options:

After configuring any of these options, click Done to return to the Installation Summary screen.

Installation Source

The Installation Source window identifies the source image that you use to install Oracle Linux.

Figure 4-6 Installation Source


The image shows the Installation Source screen, which contains two options for selecting the installation source: Auto detected Installation Media and On the Network. Beside the auto detected installation media option is a Verify button. The On the Network option includes a drop-down list of network protocols, a text box to specify network location, and a drop-down list of URL types. Below the URL type drop-down list is a text box for additional repositories. The text box automatically lists available repositories but can also include other repositories you might want to add through buttons for adding, removing, and reloading repositories. These buttons are at the bottom of the text box. To the right of the text box are fields for name, location, proxy details, and user data. These fields provide information about a selected repository in the text box. This specific image applies to a case where the full ISO image is the installation source.

If you use the full ISO image as the source, the install program detects that image. By default, the Auto-detected installation media button is selected and Appstream is listed as an additional installation repository. Because the image contains all the packages required for a system installation, you can use the default configuration to proceed with the installation.

If you use the boot ISO image as the source, the On the network button is selected as the installation mode and the Closest mirror option is selected as the repository source. Optionally, you can specify a local mirror as a repository source, in which case you would need to provide the mirror's path. If no path is specified, the Oracle Linux yum server is used by default. The installer automatically uses the required repositories from the network mirror to install the OS. However, the repositories aren't listed in the window. Because the installation image is configured to automatically use the Oracle Linux yum server if no mirror path is specified, you can use the default configuration to proceed with the installation.

To install extra packages from other sources, use the Additional repositories box to add those sources, and then provide the necessary information about those sources in the text fields next to the box.

Software Selection

Software selection refers to the profile or base environment to be used during the installation.

Figure 4-7 Software Selection


The image shows the options on the Software Selection screen. A pane on the left side contains a list of base environments, while a pane on the right side contains a list of add-ons for the selected base environment. Each base environment has a corresponding radio button, while each add-on has its own checkbox.

Each Base Environment represents a base set of functionalities and the required packages and software to fulfill those functionalities. By default, the Server with GUI environment is used. Choose the base environment that best fits the purpose of the system on which you're installing Oracle Linux. From the right pane, you can add other profiles to the base environment that you selected on the left pane. The other profiles group packages that you might need to perform different functions on the system.

System

Under System, you configure the following options:

After configuring any of these options, click Done to return to the Installation Summary screen.

Installation Destination

The installation destination is used to configure the disks where Oracle Linux is installed. Even if you accept the default settings, you must still open the Installation Destination screen to clear the option's warning icon.

Figure 4-8 Installation Destination


The image shows the options on the Installation Destination screen to specify where Oracle Linux will be installed. The top part lists local hard disks as a first option. A second option are specialized and network disks. For the second option, an Add a disk button is provided for adding these storage devices. The lower part of the screen lists options for customizing disk configurations, freeing up disk space, and using data encryption.

You can configure the installer to use local storage devices in the Local Standard Disks section of the window. A check mark icon on the disk device is displayed for any selected devices.

If you need to add network based or specialized storage such as ISCSI or NVDIMM devices, you can click the Add a disk... button in the Specialized & Network Disks section of the window.

You can configure other options for the target destination in the Storage Configuration section of the window:

  • Automatic: radio button enables automatic partitioning.
    • I would like to make additional space available: set this checkbox to reclaim space from an existing partitioning layout.
    • Encrypt my data: set this checkbox to encrypt partitions using Linux Unified Key Setup (LUKS). You're prompted to set a LUKS encryption passphrase when you click the Done button.
  • Custom: radio button enables custom partitioning. If you set this option, the Manual Partitioning configuration page is displayed after you click the Done button.

Manual Partitioning

Detected mount points are listed in the left pane in the window. Mount points are grouped by any detected operating system installations. Options for each mount point are displayed in the right pane when you click a mount point in the left pane.

If the system contains existing file systems, ensure that enough space is available for the installation. To remove any partitions, select them in the list and click the - button.

If no partitions exist on the disk and you want to create a set of partitions as a starting point, select a partitioning scheme from the left pane, and click Click here to create them automatically. The installer automatically creates standard partitions and mount points that you can customize and adjust.

The following options are available when configuring a mount point:

  • Mount point: If a file system is the root file system, enter /, enter /boot for the /boot file system, and so on. No mount point is required for a swap file system.
  • Desired Capacity: Set the value to the size of the file system that you want to create. You can use common size units such as KiB or GiB. The default size unit is MiB.
  • Device Type: Set the device type to one of Standard Partition, LVM, or LVM Thin Provisioning. You can configure RAID options if two or more disks are configured for manual partitioning and you select an LVM device type. You can also configure the LVM Volume Group, if an LVM device type is selected.
  • File System: Select the file system type that you want to use for the partition. Note that Oracle Linux also includes support for the Btrfs file system type, but to configure a Btrfs file system you must use the UEK boot image to load the installer. See Installing a System With a Btrfs root File System for more information.
  • Reformat: Set this checkbox format the partition. If the partition isn't a newly created one, you can unset the checkbox to retain existing data.
  • Label: Optionally label the partition to easily recognize individual partitions in other tooling.
  • Name: You can name a partition, but standard partitions are named automatically when they're created.

KDUMP

In the event of a system crash, Kdump captures information that helps in finding the cause.

Figure 4-9 Kdump


The image shows the options on the Kdump screen. At the top is a checkbox that you can select to enable Kdump, followed by options to configure the amount of memory to reserve for Kdump.

By default, Kdump is enabled and the amount of memory reserved for Kdump is calculated automatically. Select the Manual option to set the amount of reserved memory yourself.

Network and Host Name

Figure 4-10 Network & Host Name


The image shows the options on the Network & Host Name screen. The left pane contains a list of network devices, with options for adding and removing devices, and a field to provide the host name. The right side of the screen shows the current configuration for the selected network devices, along with a toggle switch for enabling and disabling the device. On the lower right side of the screen is a Configure button.

Network connections are disabled during an Oracle Linux 8 installation. To enable the network, select an interface from the list of interfaces on the left panel of the Network & Host Name window, then toggle the switch at the upper right corner of the screen to ON.

By default, network configuration uses DHCP for IPv4 addresses. IPv6 addresses are configured automatically. The default settings are sufficient for the system to provide basic network functionality. However, you can customize the network configuration, for example, by providing a custom host name, including a fully qualified domain name (FQDN). You can further opt to use static addresses instead of using DHCP, configure proxy settings, network bonds, and so on. To do these advanced types of configuration, click Configure and go through other configuration screens.

Security Profile

Because security policy isn't required on all systems, use the Security Policy screen only if you need to enforce a specific security policy as defined by your organization or by government regulations.

Figure 4-11 Security Policy


An image of the Security Policy screen, which lists the pre-defined security policies, or profiles, that are available, and the various settings and options that you can configure in this screen.

Available policies are listed in the profile window. These security policies follow the recommendations and guidelines that are defined by the Security Content Automation Protocol (SCAP) standard. Select the security profile you want to enforce and ensure that the Apply security policy is switched to On.

If you prefer not apply any security policy, toggle the switch to Off.

For more information on SCAP policies and profiles, see Oracle Linux 8: Using OpenSCAP for Security Compliance.

User Settings

Under User Settings, you configure the following options:

You must configure at least one of the options. For example, to enable only the root account, create its password. Then click Done to return to the Installation Summary screen where you can proceed with the installation. You can add users to the system later.

Root Password

The Root Password window allows you to set the root account password.

Figure 4-12 Setting the root password

This figure shows the option available to set the root password.

Fields are available to set and confirm the root password.

Password strength is monitored and the following rules are applied:

  • Password must be eight characters or longer
  • Password contains numbers, letters (uppercase and lowercase) and symbols
  • Password is case-sensitive

Weak passwords are permitted, but require that you press the Done button twice.

User Creation

This option lets you configure a user's credentials to enable access to the system. You can optionally configure the user to have administrative privileges.

Figure 4-13 Create User

The figure shows the create user window, which includes a field for Full Name, user name, a checkbox option to make the user an administrator, a checkbox option to require a password for the account, and fields to set and confirm the password.

The following options are available:

  • Full name: Enter the full name of the user account. This field is used to show the user account in the graphical login manager.

  • User name: Enter the username that the user uses to login to the system on the command line or by using SSH.

  • Make this user administrator: Set the checkbox if the user requires administrative privileges. The user is added to the wheel group, which is in the sudoers configuration by default.

    An administrator user can use the sudo command to perform tasks that are only available to root by using the user password, instead of the root password.

  • Require a password to use this account: Set this checkbox to require a password for login. Always set this checkbox, particularly if you configure the user account with administrative privileges.

  • Password: Enter the user password into this field.

  • Confirm password: Enter a matching user password into this field.

Password strength is monitored and the following rules are applied:

  • Password must be eight characters or longer
  • Password contains numbers, letters (uppercase and lowercase) and symbols
  • Password is case-sensitive

Weak passwords are permitted, but require that you press the Done button twice.

After the options are configured, the Advanced button becomes available to let you configure other user account options, such as the home directory location for the user, an alternative user ID value, an alternative group ID value, and a list of groups that the account belongs to.

Completing the Installation

From the Installation Summary screen, click Begin Installation. This button becomes available only when warning flags on option icons have been cleared.

The installation takes a while. After it finishes, reboot the system as prompted. At the completion of the system reboot, the opening screen might prompt you to accept the license agreement and provide the option to create other users. You must at least review and accept the license agreement to enable the Finish Configuration button. Then log in to the system according to the credentials you set in User Settings during the installation configuration.

If the prompt to review the license agreement isn't displayed in the opening screen, you can optionally review the license agreement in /usr/share/oraclelinux-release/EULA after logging in.

For other configuration options you can set on the system, see Postinstallation Configuration.