EXPANDDDL

Use EXPANDDDL options to manipulate output for Enscribe record definitions containing arrays and redundant field names. This feature is primarily useful when mapping Enscribe files to SQL tables. It can also be useful when generating SQL tables based on Enscribe definitions using the DDLGEN utility.

EXPANDDDL is not necessary when the source database is NonStop SQL. If used, it must be the last argument entered.

Syntax

EXPANDDDL separator option [, ...]

separator

A character separator for defining array output. See "Defining a separator".

option

For information about the options, see:

Information on inheriting OCCURS on "Inheriting OCCURS".
"Resolving duplicate field names".
"Omitting or including redefined fields".
"Fixing long field names".
"Altering field array display".

Defining a separator

Use separators for defining array output into columns. If any option besides NOEXPANSION is specified, a distinct field is output for each occurrence of a given field and a grouping field with the original name.

For example, consider the DDL definition:

03 FIELDX PIC 9(5) OCCURS 2 TIMES.

Normally, the array is output as a single field with three occurrences. However, arrays do not exist in an SQL environment, so it may be desirable to create a column for each occurrence of FIELDX. If the USEDASH option is specified, the following fields are output:

FIELDX 
FIELDX-1 
FIELDX-2

FIELDX references all occurrences as a group item, while -1 and -2 are the individual occurrences.

If you are specifying a separator it must be the first option in the command string.

Default

USEDASH

Syntax

EXPANDDDL separator

separator is one of the following.

USEBRACKETS: Use brackets [ ].
USEDASH: Use a dash -.
USEUNDERSCORE: Use an underscore _.
USETWOUNDERSCORES: Use two underscores __.
NOEXPANSION: Do not use a separator.

Inheriting OCCURS

Use the EXPANDGROUPARRAYS option to append indexes to fields that do not necessarily occur multiple times, but which are part of groups that occur multiple times.

Default

NOEXPANDGROUPARRAYS

Syntax

EXPANDDDL USEUNDERSCORE EXPANDGROUPARRAYS

Example

For the following definition:

03 A OCCURS 2 TIMES. 
   04 B PIC 9(5). 
03 X OCCURS 4 TIMES. 
   04 Y PIC 9(5) OCCURS 4 TIMES.

B within the second occurrence of A becomes B_2. The third occurrence of Y within the fourth occurrence of X becomes Y_4_3.

Resolving duplicate field names

You can resolve duplicate file names by specifying a duplicate field option for:

Unique numerical index to the end of a duplicate field or column.
Unique alpha character index to the end of a duplicate field or column.
Group name at the beginning of a duplicate field or column.

Default

NORESOLVEDUPS

Syntax

EXPANDDDL dup_field_option

dup_field_option is one of the following.

RESOLVEDUPINDEX: Appends a numerical index to the end of each duplicate field or column. For example, END-DATE.YY would become YY-2 in the output since it is the second occurrence of YY in the definition.
RESOLVEDUPALPHAINDEX: Appends an alpha character index to the end of redundant fields or columns; BEGIN-DATE.MM would become MM-A (occurrences are designated A-Z).
RESOLVEDUPGROUP: Prefixes a duplicate field name with its group name and separator.
RESOLVEDUPFULLNAME: Use only when RESOLVEDUPGROUP cannot resolve duplicates. RESOLVEDUPFULLNAME triggers the system to fully qualify the field name so that the redundancy is resolved.
NORESOLVEDUPS: Do not resolve duplicate field names.

Examples

Example 1

Consider the following definition.

03 BEGIN-DATE. 
04 YY    PIC 99. 
04 MM    PIC 99. 
04 DD    PIC 99. 
03 END-DATE. 
04 YY    PIC 99. 
04 MM    PIC 99. 
04 DD    PIC 99.

BEGIN-DATE and END-DATE duplicate the YY, MM and DD field names. Normally these duplications would be resolved by referencing the higher level group item, such as BEGIN-DATE.DD or END-DATE.DD. The RESOLVEDUPGROUP duplicate field option prefixes each duplicate field name with its group name, as in BEGIN-DATE-DD and END-DATE-DD.

Example 2

In this example, the first non-redundant group above the elementary item is used for the prefix. For example, END-DATE.DATE-DEF.YY would become END-DATE-YY (DATE-DEF is omitted).

03 BEGIN-DATE. 
04 DATE-DEF. 
05 YY    PIC 99. 
05 MM    PIC 99. 
05 DD    PIC 99. 
03 END-DATE. 
04 DATE-DEF. 
05 YY    PIC 99. 
05 MM    PIC 99. 
05 DD    PIC 99.

Omitting or including redefined fields

Use OMITREDEFS or INCLUDEREDEFS to omit or include redefined fields in the output definition. Including redefinitions has the following consequences.

DDLGEN outputs a column for every elementary field item in the source definition, regardless of whether or not it redefines another field.
When the Extract program specifies FORMATASCII or FORMATSQL, the Collector outputs an ASCII field for each redefined field.

Default

OMITREDEFS

Syntax

EXPANDDDL [OMITREDEFS | INCLUDEREDEFS]

OMITREDEFS: Omit redefined fields.
INCLUDEREDEFS: Include redefined fields.

Fixing long field names

Use MAXCOLNAMELEN to manage long field names. By default, the maximum field name length is 30. You can change this value with the MAXCOLNAMELEN option.

When creating new field names to resolve duplicate occurrences, names occasionally exceed the length specified by MAXCOLNAMELEN. When this happens, you are prompted for an alternative column name. To avoid the prompt, specify the NOFIXLONGNAMES option after MAXCOLNAMELEN.

MAXCOLNAMELEN is invoked only with EXPANDGROUPARRAYS or RESOLVEDUPGROUP.

Default

FIXLONGNAMES (prompt for an alternative column name)

Syntax

EXPANDDDL [MAXCOLNAMELEN length | [NOFIXLONGNAMES]]

length: The field name length.
NOFIXLONGNAMES: Specify to prevent prompting for a new column name. A warning message is issued.

Altering field array display

Use ZEROFILL to expand output definitions to a constant width, similar to:

EXPANDDDL USEUNDERSCORE ZEROFILL 3 
EXPANDDDL USEUNDERSCORE ZEROFILL ARRAYWIDTH

Default

ZEROFILL 1

Syntax

EXPANDDDL {ZEROFILL width} | {ARRAYWIDTH}

width: A value indicating the character width of the output.
ARRAYWIDTH: Specifies that the output width match the number of elements in the array.

Example 1: If ZEROFILL ARRAYWIDTH is specified for definition 03 FLAG PIC X OCCURS 500 TIMES, then occurrence 7 becomes FLAG-007 and occurrence 423 becomes FLAG-423. The width is equal to the occurrence frequency (500) and is three characters wide.
Example 2: Using the definition from the previous example and specifying ZEROFILL 5 results in occurrence 7 becoming FLAG-00007 and occurrence 423 becoming FLAG-00423.