Monitor the state and workload of the Autonomous
Database on the Home page
|
To go to the Home page of the Autonomous Database:
- From the Targets menu, select the
Databases option.
- On the Databases page,
click the name of the Autonomous Database.
The Home page enables you to proactively monitor:
- Load and Capacity of the
Autonomous Database.
- Database Incidents that have
occurred over the last 24 hours, if any.
- Active session information in the
Performance section, which
includes:
- The Activity Class
chart that shows the average number of database sessions
active for the past hour.
- The Services chart
that shows the average number of database sessions
active for the past hour for database services.
- Resource utilization on CPU, Active Sessions, Memory,
and Data Storage charts in the Resources
section.
- SQL activity in the SQL
Monitor section. The table in this section
provides information on monitored SQL statement executions.
For information on:
|
Create a job to execute SQLs on your Autonomous
Databases
|
Oracle Enterprise Manager's Job System enables you to
create, manage, and edit a job, which is a schedulable unit of work
that you define to automate commonly run tasks. For Autonomous
Databases, you can use the Execute SQL job
type to automate and schedule the execution of SQL commands.
To create an Execute SQL job for
an Autonomous Database:
- Go to the Home page of the Autonomous Database and
from the <Autonomous Database>
menu, select Job Activity.
The Jobs page is displayed with the
Autonomous Database Target Name and
Target Type selected in the
Search Criteria.
- Click Create Job.
- In the Select Job Type - Oracle
Enterprise Manager dialog box, select the
Execute SQL job type and click
Select.
The
Create 'Execute SQL' Job page is
displayed.
- Enter the following information in the
General tab:
- Name: Enter a unique
name for the job.
- Description:
Optionally, add a description.
- Automatic Attempts:
Optionally, specify the maximum number of times the job
must be attempted, if it fails, and the number of
minutes between each attempt.
- Target Type: Select
your Autonomous Database target type.
- Target: Click
Add, select the Autonomous
Database target in the Search and Select:
Targets dialog box, and click
Select.
- Maximum Parallel
Executions: Optionally, specify the
maximum number of parallel executions.
- In the Parameters tab, enter
a single SQL or PL/SQL statement without a trailing
; or / , and make changes
to the other options, if required.
- In the Credentials tab,
provide the credentials to log in to the Autonomous
Database.
- In the Schedule tab, define
the schedule of the Execute SQL job.
- In the Access tab, review
the Administrators and roles that have access to the job and
click Add to add other administrators, if
required.
- Click Submit.
A confirmation message that the job is created
successfully is displayed on the Jobs
page.
For information on Enterprise Manager Jobs, see Job System Purpose
and Overview in Oracle Enterprise
Manager Monitoring Guide.
|
Monitor performance and diagnose issues on the
Performance Hub, SQL Monitoring, AWR, and Advisors pages
|
Using Oracle Enterprise Manager, you can monitor the
performance of an Autonomous Database and ensure that it performs
optimally.
From the Performance menu on the
Home page of the Autonomous Database, you can select one of the
following options:
- Performance Hub: View all
the performance data available for a specified time period. Once
a time period is selected, the performance information is
collected and presented based on performance subject areas.
- SQL: Perform SQL monitoring
and tuning tasks. This includes options such as:
- SQL Tuning Advisor to submit SQL
statements and obtain recommendations on how to tune the
statements, along with a rationale and expected
benefit.
- SQL Performance
Analyzer to determine the effect of a
change on a SQL workload by identifying performance
divergence for each SQL statement.
- SQL Tuning Sets to
group SQL statements and related metadata into a single
object, which you can use as input to SQL tuning
tools.
- AWR: Use Automatic Workload
Repository (AWR) and automate database statistics gathering by
collecting, processing, and maintaining performance statistics
for database problem detection and self-tuning purposes. This
includes options such as:
- AWR Report to generate an AWR
report between two snapshots (two points in time).
- Compare Period
Reports to compare database performance
between two periods of time (or two AWR reports with a
total of four snapshots).
- Advisors Home: View and use
SQL advisors to optimize the database's performance.
- Automatic Indexing: Automate
index management tasks for 19c-based Autonomous Databases.
Automatic indexing automatically creates,
rebuilds, and drops indexes in a database based on the
changes in application workload, thereby improving database
performance. This includes the following options:
- Blocking Sessions: Use to
view the sessions that are blocking other sessions. The Blocking
Sessions table provides information such as the
Sessions Blocked, Session
ID, and Serial Number.
To view details about a specific session, click
the Select option for that row and
click View Session. To terminate a
session, click the Select option, and
then click Kill Session.
For information on:
|
Test migration from an on-premises database to an
Autonomous Database using the SQL Performance Analyzer workflow
|
Using the SQL Performance Analyzer workflow in Oracle
Enterprise Manager, you can test the effects of a migration from an
on-premises database to an Autonomous Database based on SQL Tuning
Set performance.
As prerequisite steps, you must:
- Ensure that the source on-premises database and the
target Autonomous Database are discovered in Enterprise Manager.
- Capture the representative SQL workload from the
source on-premises database and create a SQL Tuning Set. For
information, see Creating a SQL
Tuning Set in Oracle Database 2
Day + Performance Tuning Guide.
- Move the SQL Tuning Set to the target Autonomous
Database. For information, see Transporting SQL
Tuning Sets in Oracle Database 2
Day + Performance Tuning Guide.
To test the migration from an on-premises database to an Autonomous
Database:
- Go to the Home page of the Autonomous Database and
from the Performance menu, select
SQL, and then select SQL
Performance Analyzer Home.
If the
Database Login page appears, then
log in as a user with administrator privileges. For
information on user privileges, see About User Accounts.
- Click Migrate to Oracle Autonomous
Database.
- Enter the required information in the fields on the
Migrate to Oracle Autonomous Database
page.
- Task Information: Enter task
information such as the name of the task, the name of
the SQL Tuning Set, and optionally a description of the
task.
- Pre-Migration Trial:
The pre-migration trial is built from the SQL Tuning Set
by default, and Build from SQL Tuning
Set is the only available pre-migration
trial option.
- Post-Migration Trial:
Select an option in the Creation
Method and Per-SQL Time
Limit lists. For information on these
lists and what you must enter, see steps 4 and 5 in
Testing
Database Upgrades Using Enterprise Manager in
Oracle Database Testing
Guide.
- Trial Comparison: In the
Comparison Metric list,
select the comparison metric to use for the comparison
analysis.
- Schedule: Select your
time zone code and select
Immediately or
Later to schedule when the
task should start.
- Click Submit.
The SQL
Performance Analyzer Home page is displayed.
In the SQL Performance Analyzer Tasks
section, the details of the task are displayed. The
Last Run Status displays
Processing while the SQL
statements are being processed. To refresh the status of the
task, click Refresh. After the task
completes, the Last Run Status column
is updated to Completed.
- Under SQL Performance Analyzer Tasks,
select the task and click the link in the
Name column.
The SQL
Performance Analyzer Task page is displayed
and it has the following sections:
- SQL Tuning Set: This section
summarizes information about the SQL tuning set,
including its name, owner, description, and the number
of SQL statements it contains.
-
SQL Trials: This section
includes a table that lists the SQL trials used in
the SQL Performance Analyzer task.
-
SQL Trial
Comparisons: This section contains a
table that lists the results of the SQL trial
comparisons.
- Click the icon in the Comparison Report
column.
The SQL Performance Analyzer Task
Result page appears.
- Review the results of the performance analysis. For information,
see Reviewing the SQL Performance
Analyzer Report Using Oracle Enterprise Manager in
Oracle Database Testing Guide.
For information on:
|
Copy a SQL Tuning Set (STS) from an on-premises database
to an Autonomous Database
|
Oracle Enterprise Manager enables you to copy an STS
from an on-premises database discovered in Enterprise Manager to an
Autonomous Database discovered in Enterprise Manager by way of the
Oracle Cloud Infrastructure Object Storage.
For information on how to copy the STS, see the Copying a SQL Tuning
Set from an On-premises Database to an Autonomous
Database tutorial.
|
Backup and Recovery Management and Monitoring of Autonomous
Databases
|
Using Oracle Enterprise Manager, you can monitor the list
of backups of an Autonomous Database, schedule an on-demand backup,
and perform a restore operation.
As prerequisites to using this feature, you must:
- Ensure that you have the required permissions to
backup and restore Autonomous Databases and set up an Oracle
Cloud Infrastructure Object Storage bucket to serve as a
destination for your manual backups.
- Set the
OCI_OCID and
OCI_REGION target properties manually for
the Autonomous Database target. To do so, you can use the
following EM CLI
commands:emcli set_target_property_value
-property_records=<tn>:<tt>:OCI_OCID:<value>
emcli set_target_property_value
-property_records=<tn>:<tt>:OCI_REGION:<value>
(tn=targetName,
tt=targetType)
To go to the Backups page, from
the Availability menu on the Home page of the
Autonomous Database, select Backups. On the
Oracle Cloud Infrastructure Credentials
page, specify the named credentials defined in Enterprise Manager
for the host and Oracle Cloud Infrastructure (OCI). For information
on:
On the Backups page, you can:
- View the list of backups of the Autonomous
Database.
- Schedule an on-demand backup.
- Click Schedule
Backup.
- In the Schedule
Backup dialog box, enter a name for the
backup, specify the schedule details, and click
Submit.
- Perform restore operations.
- To restore the database to the current or a
specific time:
- Click
Restore.
- In the
Restore dialog box, select
Current Time to restore the
database to the current time, or select
Select Time to restore the
database to a specific time. By default, the
current time is specified in the Select
Time field.
- Select an option in the
Schedule section to
schedule the restore operation.
- Click
Submit.
- To restore the database to the end time of
a selected backup:
- Click the icon in the
Action column of the backup
and click Restore.
- In the
Restore dialog box, select
Select Time. By default,
the end time of the selected backup is specified
in the Select Time
field.
- Select an option in the
Schedule section to
schedule the restore operation.
- Click
Submit.
|
Migrate workloads from an on-premises database to an
Autonomous Database using the Database Migration Workbench
|
For information on the supported migration methods,
prerequisite tasks, migration steps, and so on, see Database Migration
Workbench in Oracle Enterprise Manager Database
Migration Workbench Guide.
|
Keep the Autonomous Databases secure
|
Oracle Enterprise Manager provides security features
that control how a database is accessed and used.
From the Security menu on the
Home page of the Autonomous Database, you can select one of the
following options:
- Users: Create a user with a
valid user name and password to prevent unauthorized use. You
can also associate specified privileges, roles, and so on with a
user.
- Roles: Create a role to group
together privileges and other roles. This facilitates granting
multiple privileges and roles to users.
- Profiles: Create a profile, which is a
set of user authorizations and privileges. If you add a user to
a profile, then the authorizations and privileges defined in
that profile are acquired by the user.
- Audit Settings: Set up and
adjust audit settings to monitor and record selected user
database actions.
- Data Redaction: Redact (mask)
sensitive information that is displayed in applications without
altering the underlying database blocks on disk or in cache. You
can redact column data using one of the following methods:
- Full redaction: Redacts all the
contents of the column data.
- Partial redaction: Redacts a portion
of the column data.
- Regular expressions: Uses regular
expressions in both full and partial redaction.
- Random redaction: Ensures that the
redacted data presented to the querying application user
appears as randomly generated values each time it is
displayed, depending on the data type of the
column.
- No redaction: Enables you to test
the internal operation of your redaction policies.
For information on using Data Redaction in
Enterprise Manager, see Managing
Oracle Data Redaction Policies in Oracle Enterprise
Manager in Oracle Database
Advanced Security Guide.
- Database Vault: Manage Oracle
Database Vault and access the Oracle Database Vault
Administrator pages to perform tasks such as propagating Oracle
Database Vault configurations to other databases. For
information on using Database Vault with Enterprise Manager, see
Using Oracle
Database Vault with Oracle Enterprise Manager in
Oracle Database Vault Administrator's
Guide.
- Privilege Analysis: Perform
a dynamic analysis of privileges and roles that a user account
or database uses over time. You can then revoke unused grants
and make other changes to better reflect the access a user
requires.
- Virtual Private Database:
Create security policies to enforce row-level security policies
at the object (table, view, or synonym) level, when the standard
object privileges and associated database roles are insufficient
to meet application security requirements.
- Cloud Credentials
Store: Store database user credentials along
with other attributes as a database object in the Autonomous
Database. The database credentials can be used to access a
remote database or the Oracle Cloud Infrastructure Object
Storage.
On the Cloud Credentials
Store page, select a database schema in the
Schema drop-down list to view the
credentials in the schema.
To create a
credential:
- Click Create on the
Cloud Credentials Store
page.
- In the Create
Credential dialog box:
- Credential
Name: Enter an intuitive name for the
credential. Note that the name of the credential
cannot be edited at a later stage.
- Username:
Enter the database user name or the OCID of the
Oracle Cloud Infrastructure user.
- Password:
Enter the database user password or the Object
Storage authentication token.
- Confirm
Password: Confirm the password added
in the Password field.
- Click
OK.
You can click the icon in the
Action column and click
Edit or
Delete to edit or delete the
credential. Note that if editing the credential, you can
only edit the user name and password and not the name of the
credential. Also, when editing the credential, the
Username and
Password fields cannot be left
blank.
|
Mask and subset sensitive data |
Use the Oracle Data Masking and Subsetting
solution for Autonomous Databases in Oracle Enterprise Manager to
minimize data exposure in non-production environments. Using the
components of this comprehensive solution, you can discover and mask
sensitive production data and share only relevant data.
To
access the Data Masking and Subsetting components, go to the Home
page of the Autonomous Database and click the
Security menu. The Data Masking and
Subsetting components include:
- Data Discovery: Simplifies
the effort of sensitive data discovery through automated
discovery procedures and sensitive column types. These
procedures not only discover columns holding sensitive
information, but also discover the parent-child relationships
between these columns that are defined in the database.
- Data Masking: Enables the
replacing of sensitive data with fictitious yet realistic
looking data. It limits sensitive data proliferation by
anonymizing sensitive production data.
- Data Subsetting: Enables the
downsizing of data by either deleting data or extracting a
subset of data for sharing or archival. It minimizes risk by
sharing only relevant data with teams and also reduces storage
costs in non-production environments.
Before you use Data Masking and Subsetting for
Autonomous Databases, you must perform the following prerequisite
tasks:
- Install SQL*Plus on the OMS host on which the
Oracle Management Agent is installed
The
SQL*Plus executable should be available in the agent's
$ORACLE_HOME/bin location. This is
required as the masking script uses SQL*Plus to perform the
masking steps.
- Perform Autonomous Database-specific tasks for
Data Masking and Subsetting (Optional)
- For Data Masking and Subsetting operations
in which a custom path or export directory is specified,
ensure that the directory is created on the Oracle
Management Agent that is monitoring the Autonomous
Database.
- For Data Masking and Subsetting operations
in which a pre-existing database directory is selected,
ensure that the exact path is recreated on the Oracle
Management Agent that is monitoring the Autonomous
Database.
- Perform TCPS connection prerequisite tasks
(Optional)
These tasks must only be
performed for Autonomous Databases being monitored in
Enterprise Manager with a TLS service name.
- Unzip the client credentials wallet in the
$ORACLE_HOME/$EMDROOT directory of
the Oracle Management Agent monitoring the Autonomous
Database. For
example:cd /<path_to_installed_agent_location>/agent_24.1.0.0.0/
unzip /<path_to_downloaded_wallet>/wallet.zip -d wallet
The wallet directory has files such as
tnsnames.ora and
sqlnet.ora and there should be no
intermediate directories.
- Modify the
sqlnet.ora file
so that the WALLET_LOCATION points to
the absolute path to the unzipped wallet folder. For
example:(METHOD_DATA=(DIRECTORY="/<path_to_installed_agent_location>/agent_24.1.0.0.0/wallet"))
Note: If
the wallet is downloaded and unzipped in a directory
other than $ORACLE_HOME/$EMDROOT ,
then the WALLET_LOCATION in
sqlnet.ora should reflect the
correct directory.
- Perform one of the following actions:
Note that if the directories
mentioned above do not exist, then you must run the
following command
first: mkdir -p /<path_to_installed_agent_location>/agent_24.1.0.0.0/network/admin
For information on using Data Masking and
Subsetting components and the general workflow, see:
Extract the Exported Masking and Subsetting Data
from the Autonomous Database
- Create cloud service credentials using
DBMS_CLOUD.CREATE_CREDENTIAL . For
information, see:
- Determine the database directory to which the files
are exported, for example,
MASK_DUMP_DIR_SYSMAN_0 . For information on
directories in Autonomous Databases, see:
- List the files stored in the database directory
using the following
query:
SELECT * FROM DBMS_CLOUD.list_files('<name of the directory>');
- Place the files in Oracle Cloud Infrastructure
Object Storage. For information, see:
Note that for Autonomous Databases, the database
directory, for example MASK_DUMP_DIR_SYSMAN_0 ,
created during in-export masking is not deleted at the end of
masking. You can use this directory in conjunction with
DBMS_CLOUD.PUT_OBJECT(...) to upload the
exported masking files to Object Storage and download the files to a
location of your choice.
|
Perform Schema Management tasks
|
Oracle Enterprise Manager provides a comprehensive set
of tools that allows you to manage all aspects of database objects
such as tables, indexes, and views.
From the Schema menu on the Home
page of the Autonomous Database, you can select one of the following
options to perform fundamental tasks such as creating, editing, and
viewing schema objects:
- Database Objects: Create and
manage all aspects of database directory objects such as tables
and indexes.
- Programs: Manage the
procedures, functions, triggers, and so on associated with the
database.
- Materialized Views: Work
with materialized views and perform tasks such as creating
materialized views, materialized view logs, refresh groups, and
dimensions.
|
Work with Directory Objects
|
You can view the default and
custom-created directories in an Autonomous Database on the
Directory Objects page in Oracle
Enterprise Manager. In addition, you can also create directory
objects and transfer files from the directory to the Oracle Cloud
Infrastructure Object Storage and from the Object Storage to the
directory.
For information on managing directories in Autonomous
Databases, see:
To go to the Directory Objects
page, from the Schema menu on the Home page
of the Autonomous Database, select Database
Objects and then select Directory
Objects. Note that you must have administrator
privileges to access and perform tasks on the Directory
Objects page.
To create a directory object:
- Click Create on the Directory
Objects page.
- In the Create Directory Object dialog
box:
- Directory Name:
Enter a unique name for the directory or
sub-directory.
- Relative Path:
Specify a relative directory path. Note that you cannot
provide the absolute path to the directory, and the
relative path you specify will be appended to the
absolute path.
- Click OK.
After you create a directory object, you can click the
name of the directory in the Directory Name
column and go to the corresponding Files
page. On the Files page, you can view all the
files in the directory and perform the following tasks:
- Download files from the Object Storage to
the database directory
- Click Copy from Object
Storage.
- In the Copy from Object
Storage dialog box:
- Database Credential for
Object Storage: Select the database
credentials used to connect to Object Storage.
Note that the database credentials must be stored
in the Cloud Credentials
Store in Enterprise Manager. For
information on Cloud Credentials
Store, see Cloud Credentials Store.
- Object Storage URI:
Specify the URI to the Object Storage bucket in
which the file resides. The URI must be in the
following
format:
https://objectstorage.<region>.oraclecloud.com/n/<namespace>/b/<bucket>/o/<object_name>
- Click OK.
- Upload files from the database directory
to the Object Storage
- Click the icon in the
Action column and click
Copy to Object Storage.
- In the Copy to Object
Storage dialog box:
- Database Credential for
Object Storage: Select the database
credentials used to connect to Object Storage.
Note that the database credentials must be stored
in the Cloud Credentials
Store in Enterprise Manager. For
information on Cloud Credentials
Store, see Cloud Credentials Store.
- Object Storage URI:
Specify the URI to the Object Storage bucket in
which the file resides. The URI must be in the
following
format:
https://objectstorage.<region>.oraclecloud.com/n/<namespace>/b/<bucket>/o/<object_name>
- Click OK.
|
Create a database link from an Autonomous Database –
Serverless to a target database
|
A database link enables you to access objects and
perform operations on a remote (target) database, and is stored as
an object in the schema. You can create a database link to a target
database only from Autonomous Databases – Serverless, however, the
target database can be an Autonomous Database, a Database Cloud
Service instance, or an on-premises database in the schema. To use
database links, the target database must be configured to use TCPS
authentication, and the database link is created using a wallet
(cwallet.sso ). Autonomous Databases use TCPS
authentication by default, and additional configuration is not
required if your target database is an Autonomous Database. Other
Oracle Databases must be configured to use TCPS authentication. For
information, see Configuring Transport
Layer Security Authentication in Oracle
Database Security Guide.
Before you create a database link in Oracle Enterprise
Manager, you must:
To go to the Database Links page,
from the Schema menu on the Home page of
Autonomous Databases – Serverless, select Database
Objects and then select Database
Links. On the Database Links
page, you can view previously created database links in a schema, if
any, and create a database link.
To create a database link:
- Click Create on the
Database Links page.
- In the Create Database Link
dialog box, you must provide the following information to create
a link to the target database:
- Name: Enter an
intuitive name for the database link.
- Host Name: Enter the
host name of the target database.
- Port Number: Enter
the port number of the target database. The port number
should be between 1521 and 1525.
- Service Name: Enter
the service name of the target database.
- Distinguished Name
(DN): Enter the DN value available in
the server certificate.
- Credential Name:
Select the credentials used to connect to the Object
Storage.
- Directory Object:
Select the directory object that contains the wallet of
the target database.
- Click OK.
After you create a database link, click the icon in the
Action column and click
Test to test the connection to the
database link. To delete a database link, click the icon in the
Action column and click
Delete.
|
Perform Database Administration tasks such as Storage
Management and Automated Maintenance
|
Oracle Enterprise Manager allows you to view and manage
the storage structures of Autonomous Databases.
From the Administration menu on
the Home page of Autonomous Databases – Dedicated, you can select
one of the following options. Note that for Autonomous Databases –
Serverless, the Storage option is not
available.
- Storage: Manage your
datafiles and tablespaces by clicking the corresponding option.
Use Automatic Undo Management to
view:
- Name and size of undo tablespace
- Auto-extend tablespace setting
- Auto-tuned undo retention period
- Minimum retention period
Note that for Autonomous Databases, you
cannot configure the Undo setting. This is a
read-only view to understand the Undo
configuration.
- Oracle Scheduler: Use the
Automated Maintenance Tasks option to
enable the following maintenance tasks, which are performed
automatically during maintenance windows:
- Optimizer Statistics
Gathering: Collects optimizer statistics
for all schema objects in the database for which there
are no statistics or only stale statistics.
- Automatic SQL Tuning:
Examines the performance of high-load SQL statements,
and makes recommendations on how to tune those
statements.
For information on:
|