MySQL Enterprise Backup User's Guide (Version 9.3.0)
For an overview of incremental backups and usage examples for these options, see Section 4.3.3, “Making a Differential or Incremental Backup” and Section 5.1.3, “Restoring an Incremental Backup”.
To take an incremental backup, specify the
--incremental or
--incremental-with-redo-log-only,
along with the
--backup-dir option.
Depending on whether
--incremental or
--incremental-with-redo-log-only is
used, other options are required or recommended. All InnoDB data
modified after the LSN
(specified directly or indirectly by the options you use) is
copied into the incremental backup.
--incremental[={page-track|full-scan|optimistic}]
| Command-Line Format | --incremental |
|---|---|
| Type | Enumeration |
| Default Value | page-track |
| Valid Values |
|
Possible values for this option and their effects are explained further in the following list:
page-track:
mysqlbackup looks for changed pages
in InnoDB data files that have been
modified since the last backup, using the page tracking
functionality on the server, and then copies them. This
is potentially the fastest way for
mysqlbackup to create incremental
backups.
If page tracking cannot be used (see
Incremental Backup Using Page Tracking)
and --incremental is not set
explicitly, mysqlbackup performs a
full-scan backup instead. If this value has been set
explicitly but page tracking cannot be used, the backup
fails with an error.
full-scan:
mysqlbackup scans all
InnoDB data files in the server data
directory to find pages that have been changed since the
last backup, and copies them.
optimistic:
mysqlbackup scans only for changed
pages in the InnoDB data files that
have been modified since the last backup and then copies
them. In general, optimistic incremental backups are
faster than full-scan backups when not many tables in
the database have been modified. Some restrictions apply
when this option is employed; see
Full-scan versus Optimistic Incremental Backup.
--incremental also requires the
use of either --incremental-base
or --start-lsn. Only
InnoDB tables are backed up
incrementally. By default, all files
are included in the incremental backup in their entirety. To
exclude data that is not specific to
InnoDB in an incremental backup, use
--only-innodb.
When --copy-back-and-apply-log,
--copy-back, or
--apply-log is used, there is no
need to use --incremental.
--incremental-with-redo-log-only
Specifies that an
incremental
backup is to be created using only the redo log. This
alternate type of incremental backup has different
performance characteristics and operational limitations
compared to backups created with the
--incremental
option; see
Creating Incremental Backups Using Only the Redo Log
for a discussion on their differences, and for how to
perform properly a redo-log-only incremental backup.
To use this option, you also need to specify the
--incremental-base option or the
--start-lsn. Just like with the
--incremental option, only
InnoDB tables are backed up incrementally. By default, all
non-InnoDB files are included into the incremental backup
and in their fullness. To exclude non-InnoDB data in an
incremental backup, use the
--only-innodb option.
You cannot use the --compress
option together with the
--incremental-with-redo-log-only
option.
--incremental-base=mode:argument
| Command-Line Format | --incremental-base=mode:argument |
|---|---|
| Type | String |
With this option, the mysqlbackup
retrieves the information needed to perform incremental
backups from the metadata inside the backup directory rather
than from the --start-lsn
option. It saves you from having to specify an
ever-changing, unpredictable
LSN value when doing a
succession of incremental backups. Instead, you specify a
way to locate the previous backup directory through the
combination of mode :
argument in the option syntax.
The alternatives are:
history:{last_backup | last_full_backup}
The prefix history: followed by one
of the two possible values:
last_backup: This makes
mysqlbackup query the
end_lsn value from the last
successful non-TTS
backup as recorded in the
backup_history table of the
server instance that is being backed up.
last_full_backup:
This works similarly as the value
last_backup, except that it makes
mysqlbackup look for the last
full
backup that was taken and use it as the base
backup, thus creating a
differential backup
.
If the last full or partial backup made was a
TTS
backup, mysqlbackup skips it, and
keeps searching the backup history until it finds the
last non-TTS
backup and then returns its
end_lsn value.
dir:
directory_path
Advanced: You specify the prefix
dir: followed by a directory path
argument, which points to the previous directory backup.
With the first incremental backup, you specify the
directory holding the full directory backup; with the
second incremental backup, you specify the directory
holding the first incremental directory backup, and so
on.
| Command-Line Format | --start-lsn=LSN |
|---|---|
| Type | Numeric |
In an incremental
backup, specifies the highest
LSN value included in a
previous backup. You can get this value from the output of
the previous backup operation, or from the
backup_history
table's end_lsn column for the previous
backup operation. Always used in combination with the
--incremental option; not needed
when you use the --incremental-base option;
not recommended when you use the
--incremental-with-redo-log-only
mechanism for incremental backups.
No binary log files are copied into the incremental backup
if the --start-lsn option is
used. To include binary log files for the period covered
by the incremental backup, instead of
--start-lsn, use the
--incremental-base option,
which provides the necessary information for
mysqlbackup to ensure that no gap
exists between binary log data included in the previous
backup and the current incremental backup.
Advanced: Specifies the location for
data of an incremental directory backup. When creating or
restoring an incremental directory backup, the option serves
the same function as
--backup-dir does for backups
and restores in general, and the option can in fact be used
interchangeably with
--backup-dir for directory
backups. See the description for
--backup-dir for details.
For an apply-incremental-backup
operation, the option specifies the incremental backup
directory whose data is used to update a directory backup
specified by the --backup-dir
option.
Do not use this option with any operations for image backups, for which the option has no meaning.