MySQL 8.4 Reference Manual Including MySQL NDB Cluster 8.4
To connect with a client program to a MySQL server that is listening to different network interfaces from those compiled into your client, you can use one of the following methods:
Start the client with
--host=
host_name--port=
to connect using TCP/IP to a remote server, with
port_number--host=127.0.0.1
--port=
to connect using TCP/IP to a local server, or with
port_number--host=localhost
--socket=
to connect to a local server using a Unix socket file or a
Windows named pipe.
file_name
Start the client with
--protocol=TCP to connect
using TCP/IP,
--protocol=SOCKET to connect
using a Unix socket file,
--protocol=PIPE to connect
using a named pipe, or
--protocol=MEMORY to connect
using shared memory. For TCP/IP connections, you may also need
to specify --host and
--port options. For the other
types of connections, you may need to specify a
--socket option to specify a
Unix socket file or Windows named-pipe name, or a
--shared-memory-base-name
option to specify the shared-memory name. Shared-memory
connections are supported only on Windows.
On Unix, set the MYSQL_UNIX_PORT and
MYSQL_TCP_PORT environment variables to
point to the Unix socket file and TCP/IP port number before
you start your clients. If you normally use a specific socket
file or port number, you can place commands to set these
environment variables in your .login file
so that they apply each time you log in. See
Section 6.9, “Environment Variables”.
Specify the default Unix socket file and TCP/IP port number in
the [client] group of an option file. For
example, you can use C:\my.cnf on
Windows, or the .my.cnf file in your home
directory on Unix. See Section 6.2.2.2, “Using Option Files”.
In a C program, you can specify the socket file or port number
arguments in the
mysql_real_connect() call. You
can also have the program read option files by calling
mysql_options(). See
C API Basic Function Descriptions.
If you are using the Perl DBD::mysql
module, you can read options from MySQL option files. For
example:
$dsn = "DBI:mysql:test;mysql_read_default_group=client;"
. "mysql_read_default_file=/usr/local/mysql/data/my.cnf";
$dbh = DBI->connect($dsn, $user, $password);
See Section 31.9, “MySQL Perl API”.
Other programming interfaces may provide similar capabilities for reading option files.